Paper 183
The Betrayal and Arrest of Jesus 배신과 예수의 체포
1. The Father’s Will 아버지의 뜻
2. Judas in the City 도시의 유다
3. The Master’s Arrest 주님의 체포
4. Discussion at the Olive Press 올리브 압착기에서 논의
5. On the Way to the High Priest’s Palace 대사제의 관저로 가는 도중에
251012 체포 직전의 현장 눅22:31 시몬아, 시몬아, 보라 사탄이 너희를 밀 까부르듯 하려고 요구하였으나
183:0.1 (1971.1) AFTER Jesus had finally awakened Peter, James, and John, he suggested that they go to their tents and seek sleep in preparation for the duties of the morrow. But by this time the three apostles were wide awake; they had been refreshed by their short naps, and besides, they were stimulated and aroused by the arrival on the scene of two excited messengers who inquired for David Zebedee and quickly went in quest of him when Peter informed them where he kept watch. 예수께서 마침내 베드로, 야고보와 요한을 깨운 다음에, 그들에게 내일의 임무를 준비하도록 천막으로 돌아가 잠을 청하라고 권했습니다. 그러나 이 무렵 세 사도는 완전히 깨어 있었습니다; 그들은 잠깐 졸아서 기운을 차렸고, 게다가 흥분한 두 전령이 도착하여 다윗 세베대를 찾았고, 베드로가 그의 감시 초소를 알려주자 서둘러 그를 찾아 나서는 장면으로 자극을 받아 정신을 차렸습니다.
183:0.2 (1971.2) Although eight of the apostles were sound asleep, the Greeks who were encamped alongside them were more fearful of trouble, so much so that they had posted a sentinel to give the alarm in case danger should arise. When these two messengers hurried into camp, the Greek sentinel proceeded to arouse all of his fellow countrymen, who streamed forth from their tents, fully dressed and fully armed. All the camp was now aroused except the eight apostles. Peter desired to call his associates, but Jesus definitely forbade him. The Master mildly admonished them all to return to their tents, but they were reluctant to comply with his suggestion. 여덟 사도는 깊이 잠들었지만, 그들과 나란히 야영하던 그리스인들은 불안을 더 크게 느껴서 혹시라도 위험이 일어나는 경우 경보를 울리도록 보초를 세웠습니다. 이런 두 전령이 급히 야영지에 들어오자, 그리스인 보초가 자기 동향인을 모두 깨우기 시작했고, 그들은 모두 옷을 갖춰있고 무장한 채 막사에서 몰려나왔습니다. 여덟 사도를 뺀 야영지 전체가 이제 일어났습니다. 베드로가 자기 동료를 부르려 했으나, 예수께서 단호히 그를 막았습니다. 주님은 그들 모두 막사로 돌아가라고 부드럽게 타일렀지만, 그들은 그의 제안에 따르기를 꺼렸습니다.
183:0.3 (1971.3) Failing to disperse his followers, the Master left them and walked down toward the olive press near the entrance to Gethsemane Park. Although the three apostles, the Greeks, and the other members of the camp hesitated immediately to follow him, John Mark hastened around through the olive trees and secreted himself in a small shed near the olive press. Jesus withdrew from the camp and from his friends in order that his apprehenders, when they arrived, might arrest him without disturbing his apostles. The Master feared to have his apostles awake and present at the time of his arrest lest the spectacle of Judas’s betraying him should so arouse their animosity that they would offer resistance to the soldiers and would be taken into custody with him. He feared that, if they should be arrested with him, they might also perish with him. 추종자를 해산하지 못한 주님은 그들을 놔두고 겟세마네 공원 입구 근처 올리브 압착기를 향해 걸어 내려갔습니다. 세 사도, 그리스인들과 야영지의 다른 사람들은 즉시 그를 따르기에 망설였지만, 요한 마가는 올리브 나무 사이를 재빨리 돌아다니며 올리브 압착기 근처의 작은 헛간에 숨었습니다. 예수는 자신을 체포하는 자들이 도착할 때 자기 사도들을 방해하지 않고 자신을 체포할 수 있도록 야영지와 자기 친구들로부터 물러났습니다. 주님은, 사도들이 깨어서 자신이 체포되는 당시에, 유다가 자신을 배신하는 광경이 그들의 증오를 일으켜 그들이 병사들에게 저항하다가 자신과 함께 구금될까 염려했습니다. 그는 그들이 자신과 함께 체포되면 그들도 자신과 함께 죽을 수도 있다고 염려했습니다(요18.1).
183:0.4 (1971.4) Though Jesus knew that the plan for his death had its origin in the councils of the rulers of the Jews, he was also aware that all such nefarious schemes had the full approval of Lucifer, Satan, and Caligastia. And he well knew that these rebels of the realms would also be pleased to see all of the apostles destroyed with him. 예수는 자신을 죽이려는 계획이 유대 통치자들의 회의에서 비롯된 것을 알고 있었지만, 루시퍼, 사탄 및 칼리가스티아가 그렇게 사악한 모든 음모를 최대한 지지하고 있다는 것 또한 알고 있었습니다. 그리고 그는 그 영역의 이런 반역자들이 자신과 함께 모든 사도가 죽게 되기를 바라고 있다는 것도 잘 알고 있었습니다(눅22.31).
183:0.5 (1971.5) Jesus sat down, alone, on the olive press, where he awaited the coming of the betrayer, and he was seen at this time only by John Mark and an innumerable host of celestial observers. 예수는 홀로 올리브 압착기 위에 앉아서 배신자가 오기를 기다렸는데, 이때 요한 마가와 무수한 천상의 관찰자 무리만 그를 보았습니다.
1. The Father’s Will 아버지의 뜻
251019 필사 체험의 아버지 뜻 막14:36 이르시되 아빠 아버지여 아버지께는 모든 것이 가능하오니 이 잔을 내게서 옮기시옵소서 그러나 나의 원대로 마시옵고 아버지의 원대로 하옵소서 하시고
183:1.1 (1971.6) There is great danger of misunderstanding the meaning of numerous sayings and many events associated with the termination of the Master’s career in the flesh. The cruel treatment of Jesus by the ignorant servants and the calloused soldiers, the unfair conduct of his trials, and the unfeeling attitude of the professed religious leaders, must not be confused with the fact that Jesus, in patiently submitting to all this suffering and humiliation, was truly doing the will of the Father in Paradise. It was, indeed and in truth, the will of the Father that his Son should drink to the full the cup of mortal experience, from birth to death, but the Father in heaven had nothing whatever to do with instigating the barbarous behavior of those supposedly civilized human beings who so brutally tortured the Master and so horribly heaped successive indignities upon his nonresisting person. These inhuman and shocking experiences which Jesus was called upon to endure in the final hours of his mortal life were not in any sense a part of the divine will of the Father, which his human nature had so triumphantly pledged to carry out at the time of the final surrender of man to God as signified in the threefold prayer which he indited in the garden while his weary apostles slept the sleep of physical exhaustion. 주께서 육신의 생애를 마치면서 관련된 수많은 말씀과 여러 사건의 의미를 오해할 위험이 큽니다. 무지한 하인들과 무정한 병사들의 예수에 대한 잔혹한 처사, 불공정한 그의 재판 절차, 그리고 자칭 종교 지도자들의 냉혹한 태도를, 예수께서 이런 모든 고통과 굴욕을 인내하며 따르셔서 천국에 계시는 아버지의 뜻을 진실로 행하고 계셨다는 사실과 혼동하지 말아야 합니다. 정말 진실로 아버지의 뜻은 자기 아들이 탄생에서 죽음까지 필사자 체험의 잔을 남김없이 마시는 것이었지만, 하늘에 계신 아버지는, 주를 그토록 야만스럽게 고문하고, 저항하지 않는 그분에게 그토록 지독하게 끊임없이 모욕을 퍼부은, 소위 문명인이라 불리는 그 인간들의 야만스러운 행위를 부추기는 데 전혀 관여하지 않으셨습니다. 예수께서 자기 필사 생애의 마지막 시간에 겪어야 했던 이런 비인간적이고 충격적인 체험들은, 어떤 의미로도 아버지의 신적 뜻의 일부가 아니었으며, 그의 지친 사도들이 육체적으로 기진맥진하여 잠들었을 때, 그가 동산에서 드린 세 번의 기도로 드러났듯이 인간이 하느님께 완전히 항복하는 순간에 그의 인간 본성은 그토록 영광스럽게 수행하기로 서약했습니다(마26.39, 42, 44, 막14,36, 39, 눅22.42).
183:1.2 (1972.1) The Father in heaven desired the bestowal Son to finish his earth career naturally, just as all mortals must finish up their lives on earth and in the flesh. Ordinary men and women cannot expect to have their last hours on earth and the supervening episode of death made easy by a special dispensation. Accordingly, Jesus elected to lay down his life in the flesh in the manner which was in keeping with the outworking of natural events, and he steadfastly refused to extricate himself from the cruel clutches of a wicked conspiracy of inhuman events which swept on with horrible certainty toward his unbelievable humiliation and ignominious death. And every bit of all this astounding manifestation of hatred and this unprecedented demonstration of cruelty was the work of evil men and wicked mortals. God in heaven did not will it, neither did the archenemies of Jesus dictate it, though they did much to insure that unthinking and evil mortals would thus reject the bestowal Son. Even the father of sin turned his face away from the excruciating horror of the scene of the crucifixion. 하늘에 계신 아버지는, 모든 필사자가 지상에서 육신으로 생애를 마쳐야 하는 것처럼, 증여 아들도 그의 지상 생애를 자연스럽게 마치기를 원했습니다. 평범한 남녀는 지상의 마지막 시간에 일어나는 죽음의 장면을 특별한 섭리로 쉽게 넘어가기를 기대할 수 없습니다. 따라서 예수는 자연스러운 사건들의 흐름에 따르듯이 육신의 죽음을 감수하기로 선택했으며 그는 자신의 거짓말 같은 굴욕과 수치스러운 죽음을 향해 확실히 끔찍하게 치닫는 비인간적 사건들의 사악한 음모에 속한 잔혹한 마수에서 벗어나기를 끝까지 거부했습니다. 그리고 이렇게 깜짝 놀랄 만하게 드러난 증오의 모든 하나하나까지 이렇게 전례 없이 실행한 잔혹함은 악한 사람들과 사악한 필사자들의 소행이었습니다. 하늘에 계신 하느님은 그것을 원하지 않았고, 예수의 대적자들도 생각이 없고 악한 필사자들이 증여 아들을 이렇게 버리도록 영향을 많이 끼쳤지만, 그들이 그것을 주도한 것도 아니었습니다. 죄악의 아비조차 십자가 처형의 극심한 그 공포의 장면에서 얼굴을 돌렸습니다.
2. Judas in the City 도시의 유다
251026 예루살렘의 유다 행적 막14:43 예수께서 말씀하실 때에 곧 열둘 중의 하나인 유다가 왔는데 대제사장들과 서기관들과 장로들에게서 파송된 무리가 검과 몽치를 가지고 그와 함께 하였더라
183:2.1 (1972.2) After Judas so abruptly left the table while eating the Last Supper, he went directly to the home of his cousin, and then did the two go straight to the captain of the temple guards. Judas requested the captain to assemble the guards and informed him that he was ready to lead them to Jesus. Judas having appeared on the scene a little before he was expected, there was some delay in getting started for the Mark home, where Judas expected to find Jesus still visiting with the apostles. The Master and the eleven left the home of Elijah Mark fully fifteen minutes before the betrayer and the guards arrived. By the time the apprehenders reached the Mark home, Jesus and the eleven were well outside the walls of the city and on their way to the Olivet camp. 유다가 최후의 만찬을 하던 중 급히 자리를 뜬 후, 그는 곧바로 사촌의 집으로 갔고, 그다음 두 사람은 곧장 성전 경비대장에게 갔습니다. 유다는 그에게 경비병들을 소집해 달라고 요청하고, 그들을 예수께 인도할 준비가 되었다고 그에게 알렸습니다. 그가 예상했던 현장에 유다가 조금 일찍 나타나서, 여전히 사도들과 이야기하는 예수를 발견할 것으로 예상했던 마가의 집으로 출발하는데 약간의 지연이 있었습니다. 주님과 열한 사도는 배신자와 경비병들이 도착하기 정확히 15분 전에 엘리야 마가의 집을 떠났습니다. 체포자들이 마가의 집에 도착할 무렵, 예수와 열한 사도는 이미 성벽 밖에서 올리브 야영지로 가는 중이었습니다.
183:2.2 (1972.3) Judas was much perturbed by this failure to find Jesus at the Mark residence and in the company of eleven men, only two of whom were armed for resistance. He happened to know that, in the afternoon when they had left camp, only Simon Peter and Simon Zelotes were girded with swords; Judas had hoped to take Jesus when the city was quiet, and when there was little chance of resistance. The betrayer feared that, if he waited for them to return to their camp, more than threescore of devoted disciples would be encountered, and he also knew that Simon Zelotes had an ample store of arms in his possession. Judas was becoming increasingly nervous as he meditated how the eleven loyal apostles would detest him, and he feared they would all seek to destroy him. He was not only disloyal, but he was a real coward at heart. 유다는 마가의 주거지에서 끝내 이렇게 예수를 발견하지 못하자 몹시 불안했는데, 열한 사도 일행 중 겨우 2명만 저항하려고 무장했습니다. 그는 오후에 그들이 야영지를 떠날 때 시몬 베드로와 시몬 젤로떼만 칼을 차고 있다는 것을 우연히 알았습니다; 유다는 도시가 조용하고 저항의 기회가 거의 없을 때 예수를 잡으려 했습니다. 배신자는 그들이 야영지로 돌아가기를 기다린다면, 60명 이상의 헌신적인 제자들을 만나게 될 것이라고 두려워했고, 또한 시몬 젤로떼가 충분한 무기를 갖추고 있는 것까지 알고 있었습니다. 유다는 열한 명의 충성스러운 사도가 자신을 얼마나 혐오할지 곰곰이 생각하면서 점차 더 초조해졌고, 그들이 모두 자기를 죽이려 할까 두려워했습니다. 그는 불충했을 뿐만 아니라 그는 본질적으로 실제 겁쟁이였습니다.
183:2.3 (1973.1) When they failed to find Jesus in the upper chamber, Judas asked the captain of the guard to return to the temple. By this time the rulers had begun to assemble at the high priest’s home preparatory to receiving Jesus, seeing that their bargain with the traitor called for Jesus’ arrest by midnight of that day. Judas explained to his associates that they had missed Jesus at the Mark home, and that it would be necessary to go to Gethsemane to arrest him. The betrayer then went on to state that more than threescore devoted followers were encamped with him, and that they were all well armed. The rulers of the Jews reminded Judas that Jesus had always preached nonresistance, but Judas replied that they could not depend upon all Jesus’ followers obeying such teaching. He really feared for himself and therefore made bold to ask for a company of forty armed soldiers. Since the Jewish authorities had no such force of armed men under their jurisdiction, they went at once to the fortress of Antonia and requested the Roman commander to give them this guard; but when he learned that they intended to arrest Jesus, he promptly refused to accede to their request and referred them to his superior officer. In this way more than an hour was consumed in going from one authority to another until they finally were compelled to go to Pilate himself in order to obtain permission to employ the armed Roman guards. It was late when they arrived at Pilate’s house, and he had retired to his private chambers with his wife. He hesitated to have anything to do with the enterprise, all the more so since his wife had asked him not to grant the request. But inasmuch as the presiding officer of the Jewish Sanhedrin was present and making personal request for this assistance, the governor thought it wise to grant the petition, thinking he could later on right any wrong they might be disposed to commit. 그들이 다락방에서 끝내 예수를 찾지 못하자, 유다는 경비대장에게 성전으로 돌아가자고 요청했습니다. 이 무렵 통치자들은 배반자와 맺은 거래에 그날 자정까지 예수를 체포하게 되어 있어서, 그들은 대제사장의 집에서 예수를 맞이할 준비로 모이기 시작했습니다. 유다는 자기 동료들에게 자신들이 마가의 집에서 예수를 놓쳤고, 그를 체포하려면 겟세마네로 가야 한다고 설명했습니다. 그런 다음 배신자는 60명이 넘는 헌신적인 추종자들이 그와 함께 야영하고 있으며 그들 모두 잘 무장하고 있다고 덧붙였습니다. 유대 통치자들은 예수께서 항상 무저항을 설교했다고 유다를 일깨웠지만, 유다는 예수의 모든 추종자가 그런 가르침을 따를 것이라 장담할 수 없다고 대답했습니다. 그는 정말로 자기에게 닥칠 위험을 두려워했기 때문에, 감히 40명의 무장 병력을 요청했습니다. 유대 당국은 자신들의 관할권 아래에 그런 무장 병력이 없었기 때문에, 그들은 곧바로 안토니아 요새로 가서 로마 사령관에게 이런 경비병들을 자신들에게 달라고 요청했습니다; 그러나 그는 예수를 체포하려는 그들의 의도를 알고, 그는 즉시 그들의 요청에 응하기를 거절하고 자기 상관에게 가서 물어보라고 말했습니다. 그들은 결국 무장한 로마 경비병을 사용할 허가를 받으려고 빌라도에게 직접 가야 할 때까지 이렇게 여러 권위자를 전전하며 한 시간 이상 걸렸습니다. 그들이 빌라도의 집에 도착했을 때 밤이 늦었고, 그는 자기 아내와 함께 침실로 물러났습니다. 그는 그 일에 관여할 마음이 없었고, 그의 아내까지 그 요청을 들어주지 말라고 부탁했기 때문에 그랬습니다. 그러나 유대 산헤드린의 의장이 직접 와서 이런 도움을 요청해서, 총독은 나중에 그들이 저지르려 할지 모르는 어떤 잘못이라도 바로잡을 수 있을 것으로 생각하고 그 요청을 허락하는 것이 현명하다고 판단했습니다.
183:2.4 (1973.2) Accordingly, when Judas Iscariot started out from the temple, about half after eleven o’clock, he was accompanied by more than sixty persons — temple guards, Roman soldiers, and curious servants of the chief priests and rulers. 따라서 가룟 유다가 밤 11시 30분경 성전을 출발했을 때, 그는 60명이 넘는 사람들, 즉 성전 경비병, 로마 병사 그리고 제사장들과 통치자들의 호기심 있는 하인들이 그와 함께 갔습니다(마26.47, 막14.43, 요18.3).
3. The Master’s Arrest 주님의 체포
251102 주님의 체포1 요18:4-8 4 예수께서 그 당할 일을 다 아시고 나아가 이르시되 너희가 누구를 찾느냐 5 대답하되 나사렛 예수라 하거늘 이르시되 내가 그니라 하시니라 그를 파는 유다도 그들과 함께 섰더라 6 예수께서 그들에게 내가 그니라 하실 때에 그들이 물러가서 땅에 엎드러지는지라 7 이에 다시 누구를 찾느냐고 물으신대 그들이 말하되 나사렛 예수라 하거늘 8 예수께서 대답하시되 너희에게 내가 그니라 하였으니 나를 찾거든 이 사람들이 가는 것은 용납하라 하시니
183:3.1 (1973.3) As this company of armed soldiers and guards, carrying torches and lanterns, approached the garden, Judas stepped well out in front of the band that he might be ready quickly to identify Jesus so that the apprehenders could easily lay hands on him before his associates could rally to his defense. And there was yet another reason why Judas chose to be ahead of the Master’s enemies: He thought it would appear that he had arrived on the scene ahead of the soldiers so that the apostles and others gathered about Jesus might not directly connect him with the armed guards following so closely upon his heels. Judas had even thought to pose as having hastened out to warn them of the coming of the apprehenders, but this plan was thwarted by Jesus’ blighting greeting of the betrayer. Though the Master spoke to Judas kindly, he greeted him as a traitor. 이런 무장한 병사들과 경비병 일행이 횃불과 등불을 들고 동산에 접근하자, 유다는 예수를 빨리 확인하려고 무리에서 멀찌감치 앞서 나갔는데, 예수의 동료들이 그를 방어하러 모이기 전에 체포자들이 예수를 쉽게 붙잡도록 하기 위함이었습니다. 유다가 주님의 대적들보다 앞서기로 선택한 데에는 또 다른 이유가 있었습니다: 그는 자신이 병사들보다 먼저 현장에 도착한 것처럼 보여서, 사도들과 예수 주위에 모인 다른 이들이 자기 뒤를 바짝 따르는 무장 경비병들과 자신을 바로 연결하지 못하리라 생각했습니다. 유다는 체포자들이 오고 있음을 그들에게 경고하려고 짐짓 서두른 체하려는 생각까지 했지만, 이런 계획은 배신자의 의도를 꺾는 예수의 인사로 무산되었습니다. 주님은 유다에게 친절하게 말했지만, 그는 유다를 배신자로 맞이했습니다(눅22.47).
183:3.2 (1973.4) As soon as Peter, James, and John, with some thirty of their fellow campers, saw the armed band with torches swing around the brow of the hill, they knew that these soldiers were coming to arrest Jesus, and they all rushed down to near the olive press where the Master was sitting in moonlit solitude. As the company of soldiers approached on one side, the three apostles and their associates approached on the other. As Judas strode forward to accost the Master, there the two groups stood, motionless, with the Master between them and Judas making ready to impress the traitorous kiss upon his brow. 베드로, 야고보, 요한은 약 30명의 동료 야영자들과 함께 횃불을 든 무장한 무리가 언덕마루를 돌아 나타나는 것을 보자마자, 이 병사들이 예수를 체포하러 온다는 것을 알았고, 그들 모두 주께서 달빛 아래 홀로 앉아 계신 올리브 압착기 근처로 급히 달려 내려갔습니다. 병사 일행이 한쪽에서 접근하자, 세 사도와 그 동료들은 다른 쪽에서 접근했습니다. 유다가 주님께 말을 걸려고 성큼성큼 앞으로 다가갈 때, 두 무리는 주님을 가운데 두고 꼼짝 없이 서 있었고, 유다는 예수의 이마에 배반의 입맞춤을 할 준비를 하고 있었습니다.
183:3.3 (1974.1) It had been the hope of the betrayer that he could, after leading the guards to Gethsemane, simply point Jesus out to the soldiers, or at most carry out the promise to greet him with a kiss, and then quickly retire from the scene. Judas greatly feared that the apostles would all be present, and that they would concentrate their attack upon him in retribution for his daring to betray their beloved teacher. But when the Master greeted him as a betrayer, he was so confused that he made no attempt to flee. 배신자의 희망은, 경비병들을 겟세마네로 이끈 후, 그저 병사들에게 예수를 가리키거나, 기껏해야 그에게 입맞춤으로 인사하겠다는 약속을 이행하고 나서, 재빨리 현장에서 물러나는 것이었습니다. 유다는 사도들이 모두 그 자리에 있다가, 감히 사랑하는 자신들의 선생을 배신한 것을 보복하려고 자신에게 공격이 집중될까 몹시 두려워했습니다. 그러나 주께서 그를 배신자로 맞이하자 유다는 너무 혼란스러워 도망할 시도조차 하지 못했습니다(마26.48, 막14.44).
183:3.4 (1974.2) Jesus made one last effort to save Judas from actually betraying him in that, before the traitor could reach him, he stepped to one side and, addressing the foremost soldier on the left, the captain of the Romans, said, “Whom do you seek?” The captain answered, “Jesus of Nazareth.” Then Jesus stepped up immediately in front of the officer and, standing there in the calm majesty of the God of all this creation, said, “I am he.” Many of this armed band had heard Jesus teach in the temple, others had learned about his mighty works, and when they heard him thus boldly announce his identity, those in the front ranks fell suddenly backward. They were overcome with surprise at his calm and majestic announcement of identity. There was, therefore, no need for Judas to go on with his plan of betrayal. The Master had boldly revealed himself to his enemies, and they could have taken him without Judas’s assistance. But the traitor had to do something to account for his presence with this armed band, and besides, he wanted to make a show of carrying out his part of the betrayal bargain with the rulers of the Jews in order to be eligible for the great reward and honors which he believed would be heaped upon him in compensation for his promise to deliver Jesus into their hands. 예수는 유다가 자신에게 다가오기 전에 옆으로 한 걸음 물러서서, 왼쪽에 있는 맨 앞의 병사, 즉 로마 군대의 지휘관에게 “누구를 찾느냐?”라고 물으심으로, 유다가 실제로 자신을 배반하는 것을 막으려고 마지막으로 애썼습니다. 지휘관이 “나사렛 예수”라고 대답했습니다. 그러자 예수께서 즉시 장교 앞으로 나아가, 이 만물을 창조한 하느님의 고요한 위엄 가운데 서서, “내가 바로 그 사람이다.”라고 말했습니다. 이렇게 무장한 무리 중 다수는 성전에서 예수가 가르치는 것을 들었고, 다른 이들은 그의 놀라운 기적에 대해 알고 있었는데, 그가 이렇게 담대히 자신의 신원을 밝히는 것을 듣자, 앞줄에 있던 자들이 갑자기 뒤로 나자빠졌습니다. 그들은 그가 차분하고 위엄있게 신원을 밝히자 놀라서 압도당했습니다. 따라서 유다는 자기의 배반 계획을 계속 진행할 필요가 없었습니다. 주께서 자기 적들에게 대담하게 자신을 드러냈고, 그들은 유다의 도움 없이 그를 잡을 수 있었습니다. 그러나 배반자는 이렇게 무장한 무리와 함께 있는 자기 존재를 설명하려고 뭔가를 해야만 했고, 게다가 그는 예수를 그들의 손에 넘겨주기로 약속한 보상으로 자신에게 안겨지리라 믿은 커다란 보수와 영예의 자격에 걸맞게, 유대 통치자들과 배반 흥정에서 자기 몫을 이행하는 시늉을 하고 싶었습니다(요18.4-6).
183:3.5 (1974.3) As the guards rallied from their first faltering at the sight of Jesus and at the sound of his unusual voice, and as the apostles and disciples drew nearer, Judas stepped up to Jesus and, placing a kiss upon his brow, said, “Hail, Master and Teacher.” And as Judas thus embraced his Master, Jesus said, “Friend, is it not enough to do this! Would you even betray the Son of Man with a kiss?” 예수를 보고 여느 때와 다른 그의 목소리에 먼저 비틀거렸던 경비병들이 회복하고, 사도들과 제자들이 가까이 다가오자, 유다는 예수께 다가와 그의 이마에 입 맞추며 말했습니다. “주여, 안녕하세요, 선생님.” 유다가 이렇게 주님을 포옹하자, 예수께서 말했습니다. “친구여, 이것으로 부족하냐! 네가 사람의 아들을 입 맞춤으로 배신까지 하려느냐(마26.49-50a, 막14.45, 눅22.47-48)?”
183:3.6 (1974.4) The apostles and disciples were literally stunned by what they saw. For a moment no one moved. Then Jesus, disengaging himself from the traitorous embrace of Judas, stepped up to the guards and soldiers and again asked, “Whom do you seek?” And again the captain said, “Jesus of Nazareth.” And again answered Jesus: “I have told you that I am he. If, therefore, you seek me, let these others go their way. I am ready to go with you.” 사도들과 제자들은 그 장면을 보고 정말 충격을 받았습니다. 잠시 아무도 움직이지 않았습니다. 그때 예수께서 유다의 배신하는 포옹에서 벗어나 경비병들과 병사들에게 다가가 “너희가 누구를 찾으냐?”라고 다시 물었습니다. 그러자 지휘관이 다시 “나사렛 예수”라고 말했습니다. 예수께서 다시 대답했습니다. “내가 그라고 내가 너희에게 말했노라. 그러니 너희가 나를 찾는다면 여기 다른 사람들은 자기 길을 가도록 내버려 두라. 나는 너희와 함께 갈 준비가 되었느니라(요18.7-8).”
251109 주님의 체포2 막14:48~54 48 예수께서 무리에게 말씀하여 이르시되 너희가 강도를 잡는 것 같이 검과 몽치를 가지고 나를 잡으러 나왔느냐 49 내가 날마다 너희와 함께 성전에 있으면서 가르쳤으되 너희가 나를 잡지 아니하였도다 그러나 이는 성경을 이루려 함이니라 하시더라 50 제자들이 다 예수를 버리고 도망하니라 51 한 청년이 벗은 몸에 베 홑이불을 두르고 예수를 따라가다가 무리에게 잡히매 52 베 홑이불을 버리고 벗은 몸으로 도망하니라 53 그들이 예수를 끌고 대제사장에게로 가니 대제사장들과 장로들과 서기관들이 다 모이더라 54 베드로가 예수를 멀찍이 따라 대제사장의 집 뜰 안까지 들어가서 아랫사람들과 함께 앉아 불을 쬐더라
183:3.7 (1974.5) Jesus was ready to go back to Jerusalem with the guards, and the captain of the soldiers was altogether willing to allow the three apostles and their associates to go their way in peace. But before they were able to get started, as Jesus stood there awaiting the captain’s orders, one Malchus, the Syrian bodyguard of the high priest, stepped up to Jesus and made ready to bind his hands behind his back, although the Roman captain had not directed that Jesus should be thus bound. When Peter and his associates saw their Master being subjected to this indignity, they were no longer able to restrain themselves. Peter drew his sword and with the others rushed forward to smite Malchus. But before the soldiers could come to the defense of the high priest’s servant, Jesus raised a forbidding hand to Peter and, speaking sternly, said: “Peter, put up your sword. They who take the sword shall perish by the sword. Do you not understand that it is the Father’s will that I drink this cup? And do you not further know that I could even now command more than twelve legions of angels and their associates, who would deliver me from the hands of these few men?” 예수는 경비병들과 함께 예루살렘으로 돌아갈 준비가 되어 있었고, 군인들의 지휘관도 세 사도와 그들의 동료들이 평화롭게 떠나도록 허락할 의향이 충분히 있었습니다. 하지만 그들이 출발하기도 전에, 예수께서 지휘관의 명령을 기다리며 서 있던 중, 대사제의 시리아인 경호원 말쿠스가 예수께 다가와 그의 손을 등 뒤로 묶으려 했는데, 이는 로마 대장이 그렇게 예수를 결박하라고 지시하지 않았는데도 벌어진 일이었습니다. 베드로와 그의 동료들은 자신들의 주께서 이렇게 모욕당하는 것을 보자, 그들은 더 이상 참을 수 없었습니다. 베드로가 자기 칼을 꺼내 다른 이들과 함께 말쿠스를 치려고 달려들었습니다. 그러나 병사들이 대사제의 종을 방어하기도 전에, 예수께서 베드로에게 제지하는 손을 들며 단호히 말했습니다: “베드로와 네 칼을 거두어라. 칼을 잡는 자들은 칼로 망하리라. 너는 내가 이 잔을 마시는 것이 아버지의 뜻임을 모르느냐? 게다가 이런 몇 사람의 손에서 나를 구해내려는 열두 군단 이상의 천사와 그 동료에게 내가 지금이라도 명령할 수 있다는 것을 알지 못하느냐(38.6.1, 요18.10-11)?”
183:3.8 (1975.1) While Jesus thus effectively put a stop to this show of physical resistance by his followers, it was enough to arouse the fear of the captain of the guards, who now, with the help of his soldiers, laid heavy hands on Jesus and quickly bound him. And as they tied his hands with heavy cords, Jesus said to them: “Why do you come out against me with swords and with staves as if to seize a robber? I was daily with you in the temple, publicly teaching the people, and you made no effort to take me.” 예수께서 자기 추종자들의 물리적 저항의 표현을 이렇게 효과적으로 막았지만, 그것만으로도 경비대장의 두려움을 불러일으켜서, 그는 이제 자기 병사들의 도움으로 예수에게 거칠게 손을 대어 급히 결박했습니다. 그들이 굵은 줄로 그의 손을 묶자, 예수께서 그들에게 말했습니다: “어찌하여 너희가 강도를 잡듯이 칼과 몽둥이를 들고 나를 잡으러 나왔느냐? 나는 매일 성전에서 공개적으로 사람들을 가르치며 너희와 함께 있었지만, 너희는 나를 잡으려 하지 않았느니라(마26.55, 막14.48-49, 눅22.52-53, 요18.12).”
183:3.9 (1975.2) When Jesus had been bound, the captain, fearing that the followers of the Master might attempt to rescue him, gave orders that they be seized; but the soldiers were not quick enough since, having overheard the captain’s orders to arrest them, Jesus’ followers fled in haste back into the ravine. All this time John Mark had remained secluded in the near-by shed. When the guards started back to Jerusalem with Jesus, John Mark attempted to steal out of the shed in order to catch up with the fleeing apostles and disciples; but just as he emerged, one of the last of the returning soldiers who had pursued the fleeing disciples was passing near and, seeing this young man in his linen coat, gave chase, almost overtaking him. In fact, the soldier got near enough to John to lay hold upon his coat, but the young man freed himself from the garment, escaping naked while the soldier held the empty coat. John Mark made his way in all haste to David Zebedee on the upper trail. When he had told David what had happened, they both hastened back to the tents of the sleeping apostles and informed all eight of the Master’s betrayal and arrest. 예수께서 묶이자, 대장은 주님의 추종자들이 그를 구출하려 할까 두려워 그들을 잡으라고 명령했습니다; 그러나 그들을 체포하라는 대장의 명령을 어쩌다 들은 예수의 추종자들이 급히 골짜기로 도망해 돌아갔기 때문에 병사들의 속도는 충분하지 않았습니다. 요한 마가는 지금까지 내내 근처 헛간에 숨어 있었습니다. 경비병들이 예수와 함께 예루살렘으로 돌아가기 시작하자, 요한 마가는 달아나는 사도들과 제자들을 따라잡으려고 헛간에서 몰래 나오려 했습니다; 그러나 그가 막 나오는 순간, 도망하는 제자들을 추격하다 돌아오던 마지막 병사 중 하나가 근처를 지나가다가 리넨(마) 외투를 걸친 이 청년을 보고 추적하여 그를 거의 따라잡았습니다. 사실, 그 병사는 요한의 외투를 움켜잡을 만큼 그에게 가까이 다가갔지만, 청년은 그 옷을 벗어서 알몸으로 달아났고, 그 병사는 빈 옷만 쥐고 있었습니다. 요한 마가는 매우 서둘러 위쪽 오솔길에 있는 다윗 세베대에게 갔습니다. 그가 다윗에게 일어난 일을 전하자, 그들 둘은 잠들어 있는 여덟 사도의 천막으로 서둘러 돌아가 주께서 배신당해 체포된 소식을 모두 알렸습니다(마26.56b, 막14.50-52).
183:3.10 (1975.3) At about the time the eight apostles were being awakened, those who had fled up the ravine were returning, and they all gathered together near the olive press to debate what should be done. In the meantime, Simon Peter and John Zebedee, who had hidden among the olive trees, had already gone on after the mob of soldiers, guards, and servants, who were now leading Jesus back to Jerusalem as they would have led a desperate criminal. John followed close behind the mob, but Peter followed afar off. After John Mark’s escape from the clutch of the soldier, he provided himself with a cloak which he found in the tent of Simon Peter and John Zebedee. He suspected the guards were going to take Jesus to the home of Annas, the high priest emeritus; so he skirted around through the olive orchards and was there ahead of the mob, hiding near the entrance to the gate of the high priest’s palace. 여덟 사도가 깨어날 무렵, 골짜기 위쪽으로 도망했던 자들이 돌아오고 있었고, 그들 모두 올리브 압착기 근처에 모여 무엇을 해야 할지 의논했습니다. 그동안, 올리브 나무 사이에 숨어 있던 시몬 베드로와 요한 세베대는 이미 병사들, 경비병들, 하인들 무리를 뒤따라갔고, 그들은 절박한 범죄자를 데리고 가듯이 예루살렘으로 예수를 이끌어 돌아가고 있었습니다. 요한은 무리 뒤를 가까이 따랐지만, 베드로는 멀찍이 따랐습니다. 요한 마가는 병사의 손아귀에서 벗어난 뒤, 시몬 베드로와 요한 세베대의 천막에서 발견한 외투를 걸쳤습니다. 그는 경비병들이 예수를 명예 대사제 안나스의 집으로 데려가리라고 생각했습니다; 그래서 그는 올리브 과수원을 통해 에둘러, 무리보다 먼저 가서, 대사제 저택의 출입문 근처에 숨었습니다(마26.58, 막14:54, 눅22.54, 요18.15b).
4. Discussion at the Olive Press 올리브 압착기에서 논의
183:4.1 (1975.4) James Zebedee found himself separated from Simon Peter and his brother John, and so he now joined the other apostles and their fellow campers at the olive press to deliberate on what should be done in view of the Master’s arrest.
183:4.2 (1975.5) Andrew had been released from all responsibility in the group management of his fellow apostles; accordingly, in this greatest of all crises in their lives, he was silent. After a short informal discussion, Simon Zelotes stood up on the stone wall of the olive press and, making an impassioned plea for loyalty to the Master and the cause of the kingdom, exhorted his fellow apostles and the other disciples to hasten on after the mob and effect the rescue of Jesus. The majority of the company would have been disposed to follow his aggressive leadership had it not been for the advice of Nathaniel, who stood up the moment Simon had finished speaking and called their attention to Jesus’ oft-repeated teachings regarding nonresistance. He further reminded them that Jesus had that very night instructed them that they should preserve their lives for the time when they should go forth into the world proclaiming the good news of the gospel of the heavenly kingdom. And Nathaniel was encouraged in this stand by James Zebedee, who now told how Peter and others drew their swords to defend the Master against arrest, and that Jesus bade Simon Peter and his fellow swordsmen sheathe their blades. Matthew and Philip also made speeches, but nothing definite came of this discussion until Thomas, calling their attention to the fact that Jesus had counseled Lazarus against exposing himself to death, pointed out that they could do nothing to save their Master inasmuch as he refused to allow his friends to defend him, and since he persisted in refraining from the use of his divine powers to frustrate his human enemies. Thomas persuaded them to scatter, every man for himself, with the understanding that David Zebedee would remain at the camp to maintain a clearinghouse and messenger headquarters for the group. By half past two o’clock that morning the camp was deserted; only David remained on hand with three or four messengers, the others having been dispatched to secure information as to where Jesus had been taken, and what was going to be done with him.
183:4.3 (1976.1) Five of the apostles, Nathaniel, Matthew, Philip, and the twins, went into hiding at Bethpage and Bethany. Thomas, Andrew, James, and Simon Zelotes were hiding in the city. Simon Peter and John Zebedee followed along to the home of Annas.
183:4.4 (1976.2) Shortly after daybreak, Simon Peter wandered back to the Gethsemane camp, a dejected picture of deep despair. David sent him in charge of a messenger to join his brother, Andrew, who was at the home of Nicodemus in Jerusalem.
183:4.5 (1976.3) Until the very end of the crucifixion, John Zebedee remained, as Jesus had directed him, always near at hand, and it was he who supplied David’s messengers with information from hour to hour which they carried to David at the garden camp, and which was then relayed to the hiding apostles and to Jesus’ family.
183:4.6 (1976.4) Surely, the shepherd is smitten and the sheep are scattered! While they all vaguely realize that Jesus has forewarned them of this very situation, they are too severely shocked by the Master’s sudden disappearance to be able to use their minds normally.
183:4.7 (1976.5) It was shortly after daylight and just after Peter had been sent to join his brother, that Jude, Jesus’ brother in the flesh, arrived in the camp, almost breathless and in advance of the rest of Jesus’ family, only to learn that the Master had already been placed under arrest; and he hastened back down the Jericho road to carry this information to his mother and to his brothers and sisters. David Zebedee sent word to Jesus’ family, by Jude, to forgather at the house of Martha and Mary in Bethany and there await news which his messengers would regularly bring them.
183:4.8 (1976.6) This was the situation during the last half of Thursday night and the early morning hours of Friday as regards the apostles, the chief disciples, and the earthly family of Jesus. And all these groups and individuals were kept in touch with each other by the messenger service which David Zebedee continued to operate from his headquarters at the Gethsemane camp.
5. On the Way to the High Priest’s Palace 대사제의 관저로 가는 도중에
183:5.1 (1977.1) Before they started away from the garden with Jesus, a dispute arose between the Jewish captain of the temple guards and the Roman captain of the company of soldiers as to where they were to take Jesus. The captain of the temple guards gave orders that he should be taken to Caiaphas, the acting high priest. The captain of the Roman soldiers directed that Jesus be taken to the palace of Annas, the former high priest and father-in-law of Caiaphas. And this he did because the Romans were in the habit of dealing directly with Annas in all matters having to do with the enforcement of the Jewish ecclesiastical laws. And the orders of the Roman captain were obeyed; they took Jesus to the home of Annas for his preliminary examination.
183:5.2 (1977.2) Judas marched along near the captains, overhearing all that was said, but took no part in the dispute, for neither the Jewish captain nor the Roman officer would so much as speak to the betrayer — they held him in such contempt.
183:5.3 (1977.3) About this time John Zebedee, remembering his Master’s instructions to remain always near at hand, hurried up near Jesus as he marched along between the two captains. The commander of the temple guards, seeing John come up alongside, said to his assistant: “Take this man and bind him. He is one of this fellow’s followers.” But when the Roman captain heard this and, looking around, saw John, he gave orders that the apostle should come over by him, and that no man should molest him. Then the Roman captain said to the Jewish captain: “This man is neither a traitor nor a coward. I saw him in the garden, and he did not draw a sword to resist us. He has the courage to come forward to be with his Master, and no man shall lay hands on him. The Roman law allows that any prisoner may have at least one friend to stand with him before the judgment bar, and this man shall not be prevented from standing by the side of his Master, the prisoner.” And when Judas heard this, he was so ashamed and humiliated that he dropped back behind the marchers, coming up to the palace of Annas alone.
183:5.4 (1977.4) And this explains why John Zebedee was permitted to remain near Jesus all the way through his trying experiences this night and the next day. The Jews feared to say aught to John or to molest him in any way because he had something of the status of a Roman counselor designated to act as observer of the transactions of the Jewish ecclesiastical court. John’s position of privilege was made all the more secure when, in turning Jesus over to the captain of the temple guards at the gate of Annas’s palace, the Roman, addressing his assistant, said: “Go along with this prisoner and see that these Jews do not kill him without Pilate’s consent. Watch that they do not assassinate him, and see that his friend, the Galilean, is permitted to stand by and observe all that goes on.” And thus was John able to be near Jesus right on up to the time of his death on the cross, though the other ten apostles were compelled to remain in hiding. John was acting under Roman protection, and the Jews dared not molest him until after the Master’s death.
183:5.5 (1977.5) And all the way to the palace of Annas, Jesus opened not his mouth. From the time of his arrest to the time of his appearance before Annas, the Son of Man spoke no word.